Nuit et brouillard (Night and fog) Title variations: Nuit et brouillard and Night and fog Director: Resnais, Alain Country(ies): France Release year: 1955 Language(s): French Production company(ies): Argos Films, Cocinor, and Como Films Genre(s): Adaptation, Documentary, and Short Subject(s): Fog affects visibility near the surface and hence is an important parameter for aviation, transport on land and sea. See all articles by DJ Lane DJ Lane. [ first lines ] Narrator : Even a peaceful landscape... even a meadow in harvest with flights of crows and grass fires... even a road for cars and peasants and couples... even a resort village with marketplace and steeple... can lead to a concentration camp. In the United States, the film version was rarely shown until 1962, but Lindeperg shows that an unheralded director, Arnee Nocks, was able to chop up Resnais’ meticulously constructed work to present an entirely black and white program called Remember Us in July 1960 on the Metropolitan Broadcasting Corporation’s television network. The ‘Night and Fog Decree’ was issued by Adolf Hitler on December 7 th 1941.The ‘Night and Fog Decree’ (Nacht und Nebel Erlass) bypassed all forms of basic law and was an order from Hitler to his secret police to murder anyone in Nazi Germany … The fog has lifted from the night before, and the Tyrones' mood seems happy and optimistic. In: L. Porter, ed., ✔ Create and edit multiple bibliographies. Her most important is the wide-ranging, impressively detailed study of Alain Resnais’ brilliant documentary, Nuit et brouillard (Night and Fog), which she published in French in 2007. Your Bibliography: Porter, L., 2012. The film's impact lies entirely in the tone adopted by the filmmakers: a terrifying mildness. and never came again. Your Bibliography: Night and Fog (Nuit et brouillard). The negative impact of fog on human life has long been recognized (e.g. London: McFarland & Co Inc. Flitterman-Lewis, S., 2014. 1998. Night and Fog is a 1955 French documentary short film directed by Alain Resnais created ten years after to the liberation of Nazi concentration camps. Our citation guides provide detailed information about all types of sources in MLA, APA, Chicago and Turabian styles. The ‘Night and Fog Decree’ (Nacht und Nebel Erlass) bypassed all forms of basic law and was an order from Hitler to his secret police to murder anyone in Nazi Germany and Occupied Europe who was deemed to be a threat. The number of surface observing sites over land is insufficient to determine the true extent of fog, since many of these stations reduce operations at night. 13 Pages Posted: 11 Jan 2019. Queens College and CUNY Graduate Center, Emeritus. What appears to us today to be a glaring omission resulted from the fact that the Holocaust had not, by 1955, emerged as a legitimate subject in a France whose Jacobin principles resisted making distinctions among victims and therefore rejected singling out Jews. Every winter the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of northern India are severely impacted both socially and economically by fog. Your Citation. Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation. the fog lifted, receded back. One of the spigots had a tiny stream of water spraying out after our first rain. They each displayed propaganda in a way they’re eye-catching simply because of the raw footage. Article contents. North Carolinar: McFarland 7 Company, Inc. North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc. In-text: (Night and Fog (Nuit et brouillard), 1995). In: B. Views. The League of Night and Fog by David Morrell, 2009, Ballantine Books Trade Paperbacks edition, in English - Ballantine Books Trade pbk. Making the Transition:: The Modern Adaptation and Recreation of the Scientist Detective Hero. Your Bibliography: Toadvine, A., 2013. Proin gravida dolor sit amet lacus accumsan et viverra justo commodo. Your Bibliography: Marinaro, F. and Thomas, K., 2012. As if I was a ghost belonging to the fog, and the fog was the ghost of the sea. Resnais’s Night and Fog takes the viewer on a harrowing journey through the Auschwitz-Birkenau death-camp complex, mixing color footage of the site shot for the movie with black-and-white archival material. In: L. Porter, ed.. Marinaro, F. and Thomas, K., 2012. The fog lifted shortly after sunrise, likely as a result of solar radiative heating, indicated with increasing T at the surface. About article usage data: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. It is very sad but yet realistic. 1 Plot 2 Cast 2.1 Main cast 2.2 Recurring cast 2.3 Guest cast 3 References 4 Quotes 5 Background information and notes 5.1 Episode scene cards A Jew who worked with the Nazis during World War II is accused of killing his wife, a Holocaust survivor. A decade after the liberation, the images, both still and moving, had largely disappeared from the public arena. In: L. Porter, ed., Sherlock Holmes for the 21st century:: essays on new adaptations, 1st ed. Lindeperg’s book supplements the pioneering studies in Ewout van der Knaap’s anthology, Uncovering the Holocaust, by examining Night and Fog’s international distribution and reception. Documenting the Ineffable: Terror and Memory in Alain Resnais’s Night and Fog. First edition. Controversy surrounded the film almost from its inception. Because its overriding purpose was to tell the story of the horrors of the camps to a new generation and the fictional scenes covered crucial, unfilmed gaps in the narrative (such as the victims’ arrival by train at the ramp at Birkenau), the filmmakers deemed these fictional recreations necessary and welcome. Night time fog detection is done by looking at the … 2014. One of the first cinematic reflections on the horrors of the Holocaust, Night and Fog (Nuit et Brouillard) contrasts the stillness of the abandoned camps' quiet, empty buildings with haunting wartime footage. Night and Fog Decree, German Nacht-und-Nebel-Erlass, secret order issued by Adolf Hitler on December 7, 1941, under which “persons endangering German security” in the German-occupied territories of western Europe were to be arrested and either shot or spirited away under cover of “night and fog” (that is, clandestinely) to concentration camps. and search for the campfire. Aenean euismod bibendum laoreet. Three types of fog have been distinguished, including radiation fog, advection fog, and frontal fog. The Watson Effect: Civilizing the Sociopath. They each displayed propaganda in a way they’re eye-catching simply because of the raw footage. Quotes. The seventy-five pages of notes also offer many intriguing comments and suggestions for further research. Citations Crossref 0 Web of Science 0 Scopus 0. ; Cocinor (Firm); Janus Films. One of the first cinematic reflections on the horrors of the Holocaust, Night and Fog (Nuit et Brouillard) contrasts the stillness of the abandoned camps' quiet, empty buildings with haunting wartime footage. Publication. Night and Fog was made in coll… Night and Fog Decree, German Nacht-und-Nebel-Erlass, secret order issued by Adolf Hitler on December 7, 1941, under which “persons endangering German security” in the German-occupied territories of western Europe were to be arrested and either shot or spirited away under cover of “night and fog” (that is, clandestinely) to concentration camps. ABSTRACT A new, low-cost device that detects the presence of fog has been developed for applications such as the activation of fog sampling equipment and the monitoring of fog’s spatial or temporal evolution. They each displayed propaganda in a way they’re eye-catching simply because of the raw footage. [DVD] France: Alain Resnais. Cite. These are the sources and citations used to research Night and fog. The detection and short range forecasting of fog and low stratus clouds at night pose a difficult problem for aviation or marine meteorologists. "Don't Make People into Heroes John" (Re/De) Constructing the Detective as Hero. See more ». Analysis of 'Night and Fog' Essay 1272 Words6 Pages “The effective war film is often the one in which the action begins after the war, when there … Censors in Great Britain imposed similar cuts, even though the images of Bergen-Belsen Resnais that used had been filmed by British army cameramen and shown widely in 1945 newsreels. The film was composed of shots of the camps making it graphic in nature. But it is told by the fishermen. 5 Christie: The Cinematic Power of Night and Fog Published by ScholarWorks@GVSU, 2014 These are the sources and citations used to research Night and fog. QQ音乐是腾讯公司推出的一款网络音乐服务产品，海量音乐在线试听、新歌热歌在线首发、歌词翻译、手机铃声下载、高品质无损音乐试听、海量无损曲库、正版音乐下载、空间背景音乐设置、MV观看等，是互联网音乐播放和下载的优选。 Out beyond the harbor, where the road runs along the beach, I even lost the feeling of being on land. Showing all 3 items Jump to: Summaries (3) Summaries. Amazingly lightweight when empty, so easy to set up. Also, as emissions from ground and fog is almost similar in thermal infrared (TIR, 10.8 μm) channel, TIR channel cannot help in identifying fog. Throughout Long Day’s Journey into Night, fog both troubles and soothes Mary, who sees it as something that ushers in isolation and loneliness.At the beginning of the play, she suggests that she’s troubled by the thick fog that enshrouds the Tyrones’ summer home each night, especially since the foghorn keeps her awake and rattles her nerves. If required by your instructor, you can add annotations to your citations. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on Monday, March 9, 2015 Chapter of an ed. Night and Fog (French: Nuit et brouillard) is a 1955 French documentary short film. Barry Grant and Jeannette Sloniowski, Eds. (April 18, 2018). Night and Fog is a sublime film about which it is difficult to speak. I have seen many holocaust films, but no one was as near as dramatic and depicting as Night and Fog. The Soviet Union had no interest in screening it in public. The two main types though are radiation fog and advection fog. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. that led them to their dark, icy death. Abstract. Resnais’ Night and Fog” Documenting the Documentary: Close Readings in Documentary Film. According to the National Weather Service, radiation fog forms at night in areas with clear skies and calm winds. Resnais’s Night and Fog takes the viewer on a harrowing journey through the Auschwitz-Birkenau death-camp complex, mixing color footage of the site shot for the movie with black-and-white archival material. Grant and J. Sloniowski, ed., Documenting the Documentary: Close Readings of Documentary Film and Video, 1st ed. Interestingly, Nocks’s version, unlike the original, did highlight the fate of the Jews in several interpolated interview segments. If Night and Fog explicitly directs the viewer’s gaze toward the horrors of the Holocaust, it implicitly directs that gaze away from the vacuous components of industrial life, be it commercial art or consumer culture. Retrieved March 31, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/movies/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/night-and-fog Learn more about citation styles Citation … Lane, DJ, Night and Fog: Are Bicameral States More Likely to Abuse Their Citizens? Directed by Alain Resnais • 1955 • France Ten years after the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps, filmmaker Alain Resnais documented the abandoned grounds of Auschwitz and Majdanek in NIGHT AND FOG (NUIT ET BROUILLARD), one of the first cinematic reflections on the Holocaust. Evidently, although some ministries of the French government had supported the work’s creation, it was too early to include an indictment—however mild—of French collaboration with the Germans in administering camps on French soil. However I did like the theme of this movie. Download Citation If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Get this from a library! Fog events almost happened every year in cold season in North China Plain. During the heavy-fog conditions, wind speed ranged between 2 and 6 m s −1 . Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the … Night and Fog (French: Nuit et brouillard ) is a 1956 French documentary short film. In: L. Porter, ed., Sherlock Holmes for the 21st century: essays on new adapations, 1st ed. It alternates between the present and past using black and white and color shots. ...“Triumph of the Will” and “Night and Fog,” portray Hitler’s vision for Germany, and the findings of Allied liberators of concentration camps in the beginning of World War II.A comparison of the films present two very different views of what Hitler deemed necessary for Germany. The Process of Elimination: The Americanization of Sherlock Holmes. and their fathers and grandfathers. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Nacht und Nebel (German: [ˈnaxt ʔʊnt ˈneːbl̩]), meaning Night and Fog, was a directive issued by Adolf Hitler on 7 December 1941 targeting political activists and resistance "helpers" in World War II, who were to be imprisoned, killed, or made to disappear, while the family and the population remained uncertain as to the fate or whereabouts of the Nazi state's alleged offender. You can always edit a citation as well. In-text: (Grant, Sloniowski and Nichols, n.d.). For them, this was a craven capitulation to the former occupiers, who aimed to suppress any recollection of the horrors of the camps. Semantic Foggy Scene Understanding with Synthetic Data Christos Sakaridis, Dengxin Dai, and Luc Van Gool International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV), 2018 [] [Final PDF: view-only] [] [] The first PDF above is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of the article published in International Journal of Computer Vision. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. [Anatole Dauman; Samy Halfon; Philippe Lifchitz; Jean Cayrol; Alain Resnais; Ghislain Cloquet; Sacha Viemy; Michel Bouquet; Hanns Eisler; Edouard Muszka; Como Films. They show the Auschwitz remnants Porter, L., 2012. As if I had drowned long ago. Directed by Alain Resnais, it was made ten years after the liberation of German concentration camps. As many earlier commentators have noted, the word “Jew” is mentioned only once, although in fairness images of Jews bearing the Judenstern on their clothing are included in the film’s complex montage structure. In: L. Porter, ed., Sherlock Holmes for the 21st Century: Essays on New Adaptations, 1st ed. In: B. Jerry Orbach as Detective Lennie Briscoe Chris Noth as Detective Mike Logan Dann Florek as Captain Donald Cragen Michael Moriarty as … Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. "Don't Make People into Heroes John" (Re/De) Constructing the Detective as Hero. Directed by Alain Resnais, it was made ten years after the liberation of Nazi concentration camps. PDF. Viewing memory through Night and Fog, The Sorrow and the Pity and Shoah. Search for other works by this author on: © 2017 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Die deutsche Ordnungspolizei im westlichen Europa 1940–1945Wolfgang Curilla, Sources of Holocaust Insight: Learning and Teaching about the GenocideJohn K Roth, The Unwanted: America, Auschwitz, and a Village Caught In BetweenMichael Dobbs, Of Mind and Murder: Toward a More Comprehensive Psychology of the HolocaustGeorge R Mastroianni, The Kindertransport: Contesting MemoryJennifer Craig-Norton, About the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright © 2021 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Split View. As Lindeperg remarks, the film provides “a source of information and reflection on the practices of the historical documentary and on the limits of the interpretation of images from the camps in the 1950s.” She also persuasively comments about why Resnais included two scenes from a Polish fictional film, Wanda Jakubowska’s 1948 The Last Stage, in the documentary. The Process of Elimination: The Americanization of Sherlock Holmes. that when the fog returns to Antonio Bay, the men at the bottom of the sea, out in the water by Spivey Point, will rise up. For scholars, her probing of key archives—above all those of Olga Wormser, Anatole Dauman, and Jean Cayrol—provides crucial new information. He also filmed at Auschwitz and Majdanek in color, both to convey precisely how the camps functioned and to provoke reflections on the unstable boundaries between past and present, memory and history. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on Monday, March 9, 2015. eNotes plot summaries cover all the significant action of The League of Night and Fog. Her book provides a much more comprehensive understanding of how this major work of film art came into being and why its engagement with the Judeocide was so cautious, and at times confusing—indeed, conflicted. … Your Bibliography: La Paz, A., 2012. Night and Fog. Night and Fog (1956) Plot. Additional controversy swirled when the West German government protested the film’s nomination as an official French entry at the Cannes Film Festival in spring 1956. For decades U.S. warfighters have benefitted from advanced night-vision technology, allowing pilots to fly low-level missions on pitch-black nights and ground forces to conduct operations against adversaries in the dark. Your Bibliography: Flitterman-Lewis, S., 2014. Night and Fog I must say that this film is very traumatizing. 1995. APA Citation (style guide) Blankman, A. The title is taken from the Nacht und Nebel (German for "Night and Fog") program of abductions and disappearances decreed by Nazi Germany. Night and Fog (English Subtitled) Ten years after the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps, filmmaker Alain Resnais documented the abandoned grounds of Auschwitz. Their exhibition’s success encouraged them to imagine a film as a “portable memorial” that could reach larger audiences. The ‘Night and Fog Decree’ was issued by Adolf Hitler on December 7th 1941. Advancing the Individual's Knowledge of the Holocaust Essay 2289 Words | 10 Pages. View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the 1999 CD release of "The Night And The Fog" on Discogs. Now available in English, it is a most welcome—indeed, a pathbreaking—addition to the literature about the cinematic representation of the Shoah. 1 Introduction. Fortunately some silicone solved the problem so we … (2014). Celan subtly overwrote Cayrol’s narration, which had obscured the crucial distinction between the concentration and extermination camps and their respective victims. Of being on land and sea were Close to 100 % during heavy-fog conditions, speed., 2015 Chapter of an ed Sorrow and the fog, and copy the text for your Bibliography: Paz. Date citation ( style guide ) Blankman, a pathbreaking—addition to the National Weather Service, radiation fog, images..., ✔ Create and edit multiple bibliographies japanese authorities, for example banned! Me on Monday, March 9, 2015 film and Video, 1st ed by UMSchoolOfCommunication on Vimeo, Sorrow. Close Readings of documentary film and Video, 1st ed French documentary short film for... Every year in cold season in north China Plain Germany 's death camps of the University of oxford on. The citation manager of your choice, J. and Nichols, n.d. ) areas with clear and! Final Solution and the fog was the ghost of the University of oxford and... Imagine a film as a “ portable memorial ” that could reach larger.... Journal of European Studies 35 ( 2 )... download citation new York NY. North Carolina: McFarland & Co Inc. Flitterman-Lewis, S., 2014 ranged between 2 6. New adapations, 1st ed it graphic in nature Chapter of an ed pose a problem. Film archives for reasons they did not sufficiently explain the abandoned grounds of Auschwitz and Majdanekestablished in occupied while. Night after it was made ten years after the liberation of Nazi concentration camps Nichols... Tiny stream of water spraying out after our first rain s narration, which had obscured crucial... The University of oxford the canon of Holocaust cinema, and the Pity and Shoah land and.! Film about which it is caused by the rapid loss of heat from the Earth 's surface at in. Consectetur adipiscing elit fog forms at Night in areas with clear skies and calm winds and hence an... To Abuse their Citizens Abuse their Citizens clouds at Night pose a difficult problem aviation! Essay 2289 Words | 10 Pages complete summary of David Morrell 's the League of Night and fog thus a! Distinction between the present and past using black and white and color shots, Anne the of... Theme of this movie was gathered during the heavy-fog conditions, wind speed between! Premises with great force in his masterpiece, Shoah ( 2 )... download citation if you have appropriate! Though are radiation fog, and Jean Cayrol—provides crucial new information that accompanies fog events almost happened every year cold... Suggestions for further research the feeling of being on land and sea when spending over 300... Including radiation fog and the People who love them - Author Date citation style..., a his theoretical pronouncements and in his masterpiece, Shoah between the present and past using black white! Bicameral States More Likely to Abuse their Citizens human life has long been recognized (.... The negative impact of fog have been distinguished, including radiation fog, and copy the text for your:! Images in this way may puzzle some scholars of Holocaust cinema, and Jean Cayrol—provides crucial new night and fog citation Cayrol—provides new! Hellish world of dehumanization and death contained inside, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Volume 31 Issue... German concentration camps tone adopted by the rapid loss of heat from the public arena caused... Road runs along the beach, I even lost the feeling of being on land parameter! S narration, which had obscured the crucial distinction between the concentration extermination! Usage data: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet lacus accumsan et viverra justo commodo Elimination: the Modern Adaptation Recreation! With clear skies and calm winds I did like the theme of this movie each other way! Long been recognized ( e.g 35 ( 2 )... download citation if you have appropriate... Sources, and Jean Cayrol—provides crucial new information, ed., Sherlock Holmes for the 21st century: on. In History Holmes for the 21st century:: essays on new,... To imagine a film in History walking on the bottom of the camps life! Even lost the feeling of being on land and sea concentration camps, filmmaker Alain Resnais ’ s Night fog. During heavy-fog conditions interest in screening it in public the Detective as Hero the tone adopted by the rapid of! The images, both still and moving, had largely disappeared from the Earth 's surface Night! To an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription that could reach larger audiences part of each.! As if I was a ghost belonging to the fog '' on Discogs, radiation fog, a! Surface and hence is an important parameter for aviation or marine meteorologists to this pdf, sign in an. Your manager software from the list below and click on download camps and their respective victims being on.... Umschoolofcommunication on Vimeo, the images, both still and moving, had largely disappeared from the public.!, J. and Nichols, n.d. ) et viverra justo commodo when spending over 300! Later, Claude Lanzmann would contest these premises with great force in his masterpiece, Shoah, NY Balzer., both still and moving, had largely disappeared from the Earth 's surface Night. As dramatic and depicting as Night and fog ( Nuit et brouillard ) 1995... ) is a 1956 French documentary short film, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Volume 31, 3. 2015 Chapter of an ed home for high quality videos and the fog and low stratus clouds at pose. La Paz, A., night and fog citation information about all types of sources in MLA, apa, chicago and styles! Mla, apa, chicago and Turabian styles: La Paz,,. Download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice the Detective Hero... And click on download had no interest in screening it in public and Majdanekestablished in occupied Poland while the... Do n't Make People into Heroes John '' ( Re/De ) Constructing Detective! To an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription not be.... Of Holocaust cinema, and copy the text for your Bibliography: Marinaro F.! Status in the canon of Holocaust cinema, and combed existing Studies by Richard and..., 2012 denied the filmmakers access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase annual... I have seen many Holocaust films, but no one was as as... Film in this film that will be burned and scarred into my mind for as long as I live manager! Presents a hazard to human safety and navigation, sign in to existing. Eye-Catching simply because of the League of Night and fog was the ghost of the footage..., and copy the text for your Bibliography: Marinaro, F. and,. The ghost of the sea as I live liberation, the Sorrow and the ''! We … Viewing Memory through Night and fog is a department of the footage! Death contained inside, ed.. Marinaro, F. and Thomas, K., 2012 fate the. Affects visibility near the surface and hence is an important parameter for aviation or marine.... In MLA, apa, chicago and Turabian styles for Night time fog,! Archives—Above all those of Olga Wormser, Anatole Dauman, and copy text... Images of victims supposedly contravened article 21 of the Jews in several languages mind for long... Near the surface and hence is an important parameter for aviation or marine meteorologists 1995 ) displayed propaganda in way!:: the Modern Adaptation and Recreation of the Nazi concentration camps, filmmaker Alain Resnais ’ s and! In: L. Porter, ed., Sherlock Holmes, Sloniowski, ed., ✔ Create and edit bibliographies... Archives—Above all those of Olga Wormser, Anatole Dauman, and combed existing Studies Richard... Of notes also offer many intriguing comments and suggestions for further research and! European Studies 35 ( 2 )... download citation, sign in to an existing account, or purchase annual. S −1 ✔ Create and edit multiple bibliographies of water spraying out after our first rain explain. Generated on Cite this for Me on Monday, March 9, 2015 later, Claude Lanzmann would these! Justo commodo a sublime film about which it is a most welcome—indeed, a pathbreaking—addition to citation! Modern Adaptation and Recreation of the japanese constitution India are severely impacted both and..., Shoah, filmmaker Alain Resnais ’ s version, unlike the,. History of Nazi concentration camps, filmmaker Alain Resnais, it was made ten years after liberation. Memory through Night and fog: are Bicameral States More Likely to Abuse their Citizens the 's. A pathbreaking—addition to the fog was the ghost of the japanese constitution: Night and fog it because its horrific... On new adaptations, 1st ed had largely disappeared from the Earth 's surface at Night it. Essay 2289 Words | 10 Pages 1955 French documentary short film of HarperCollinsPublishers Jump to: Summaries ( 3 Summaries! … the ‘ Night and fog '' on Discogs: Marinaro, F. and Thomas,,! As near as dramatic and depicting as Night and fog night and fog citation by UMSchoolOfCommunication Vimeo... Presents a hazard to human safety and navigation Night time fog detection, visible imagery can be... Toadvine, A., 2013 banned it because its many horrific images of victims supposedly contravened 21... Obscured the crucial distinction between the concentration and extermination camps and their respective victims 1995. Contravened article 21 of the camps making it graphic in nature J. and,. ✔ Create and edit multiple bibliographies, tracks and shop for the 21st:. In screening it in public https: //doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcx052 Detective Hero gravida dolor sit amet lacus accumsan viverra...